Django (web framework)/Cheat sheet

Contents

The cheat sheet of Django.

Django 4.x / 5.x quick reference for projects, ORM, views, templates, auth, and production basics.

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0. Quick Start

Install:

pip install django

Create project:

django-admin startproject mysite
cd mysite
python manage.py runserver

Create app:

python manage.py startapp blog

Add app to INSTALLED_APPS.

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1. Project Structure

mysite/
├─ manage.py
├─ mysite/
│  ├─ settings.py
│  ├─ urls.py
│  ├─ asgi.py
│  └─ wsgi.py
├─ blog/

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2. URL Routing

Project urls.py:

from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path("blog/", include("blog.urls")),
]

App urls.py:

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path("", views.index),
]

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3. Views

Function view:

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("hello")

Template view:

from django.shortcuts import render

def home(request):
    return render(request, "home.html")

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4. Templates

Example:

<h1>Hello {{ name }}</h1>

Loop:

{% for item in items %}
  {{ item }}
{% endfor %}

Condition:

{% if user.is_authenticated %}

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5. Models (ORM)

Example:

from django.db import models

class Post(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    body = models.TextField()

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6. Migrations

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

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7. ORM Queries

Create:

Post.objects.create(title="Hello")

Get:

Post.objects.get(id=1)

Filter:

Post.objects.filter(title="Hello")

Delete:

post.delete()

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8. Admin

Register model:

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Post

admin.site.register(Post)

Create admin user:

python manage.py createsuperuser

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9. Forms

from django import forms

class PostForm(forms.Form):
    title = forms.CharField()

ModelForm:

from django.forms import ModelForm

class PostForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Post
        fields = ["title", "body"]

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10. Static Files

Settings:

STATIC_URL = "/static/"

Template:

{% load static %}
<script src="{% static 'app.js' %}"></script>

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11. Authentication

Login required:

from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required

@login_required
def dashboard(request):
    pass

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12. Class-Based Views

from django.views.generic import ListView
from .models import Post

class PostListView(ListView):
    model = Post

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13. Management Commands

Example:

from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand

class Command(BaseCommand):
    def handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
        print("done")

Run:

python manage.py mycommand

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14. Production Basics

Never in production:

DEBUG=True

Typical stack:

• PostgreSQL
• Gunicorn
• Nginx
• collectstatic
• environment variables

Collect static:

python manage.py collectstatic

Run gunicorn:

gunicorn mysite.wsgi